This is the last of the main components of the car audio system. Due to the dimensions, shape (box or tube) and large diameter of the speaker, it is most often mounted at the rear (for luggage) of the vehicle, where it is responsible for emitting the lowest tones, i.e. simply bass. This component is sometimes powered by a multi-channel main amplifier, but in modern systems – especially those complex with particularly high efficiency and power – this speaker is usually equipped with its own amplifier. And again, we must not forget that the power of the amplifier must not exceed the power of the subwoofer (otherwise it could be damaged) and that this element is an additional load on the battery. Returning to the amplifier itself, individually designed for medium and large subwoofers, it is worth noting a strong position of single-channel devices, the so-called monoblocks, which achieve high stability at low impedance.
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They achieve the highest current efficiency and at the same time “deep” bass. The typology of subwoofers can be summarized in three main categories: small and low-power speakers (Ø 20-25 cm and 100-200 W RMS), medium-sized speakers (Ø 30-35 cm and 300-500 W RMS) and large speakers (Ø 38-40 cm and 500 or more W RMS). In terms of design, the body with one speaker dominates, although the group of models equipped with two speakers (small and medium models) is clearly gaining ground in the market. It is also worth paying attention to cabinets, as services dealing with car audio installations offer a wide range of cabinets, including bass-reflex, closed-type, or bandpass.